Written in 1908, The Agrarian Sociology of Ancient Civilizations represents a sustained historical synthesis of a type unlike anything else in Weber's writing. Nor has any equivalent survey been written by a classical scholar since. Weber starts with a general introduction that explores the necessary concepts for relating 'economic theory' and 'ancient society'. He then proceeds to a chronologically ordered study of Mesopotamia and Egypt; Hebrew society in Israel; the classical city-states of Greece; the imperial Hellenic realms; and finally, the evolution of Roman society from the Republic to the rise and fall of the Empire.